From the archive, 1 August 1968: Britain is a police state, says ... The Guardian
Scientology founder rebukes Britain as a 'police State'
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: The Guardian (UK)
Main source: link (53 KiB)
On this day...
Check is made on cult premises
Date: Saturday, 3 August 1968
Publisher: Evening News (Edinburgh)
Authors: Logan Robertson, Nigel Hawkins
Main source: link (47 KiB)
Press watchdog backs Observer // Sex pervert was a cult teacher
Date: Wednesday, 3 August 1994
Publisher: East Grinstead Observer
Main source: link (55 KiB)
Scientology founder rebukes Britain as a 'police State'
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: The Guardian (UK)
Main source: link (53 KiB)
Mr Lafayette Ronald Hubbard, American founder of the
scientology movement, sent a message to the movement's East Grinstead
headquarters yesterday saying: "I have finished my work. Now it is up to
others."
He founded the movement in the early 1950s.
The
movement, which was called "socially harmful" by the Minister of Health
in the House of Commons, has been described by one scientologist as "an
applied religious philosophy, designed to increase the individual's
ability within his community."
View of world
The
news of Mr Hubbard's message was given by Mr David Gaiman, wife of the
movement's chief spokesman. She said the message read: "I retired from
Scientology directorships over two years ago and have been exploring
since. I gave Scientology to the world with hopes of good usage. If it
is a decent world, it will use it well. If it is a bad world, it won't. I
finished my work. Now it is up to others. Love, Ron."
In
another message attributed to Mr Hubbard, there is a rebuke for England
"once the light and hope of the world" and now "a police State" which
can no longer be trusted. Mr Hubbard's whereabouts is a mystery.
Last
week he was believed to be somewhere at sea aboard his vessel the Royal
Scotsman.
The organisation yesterday also issued writs
claiming damage for libel in four newspapers, the "Sunday Express,"
"News of the World," "Daily Express," and "Sunday Mirror." The writs
seek injunctions restraining publication of the "said or any similar
libels."
In the writs the organisation is stated to be a
nonprofit-making corporation incorporated under the laws of California
and with a registered office in Fitzroy Street, London W 1. Co-plaintiff
in two of the actions is Mrs Jane Kember, a senior executive and deputy
guardian in the organisation at East Grinstead.
After a
private hearing before a vacation judge, Mr Justice Fisher, in the High
Court yesterday, the organisation's solicitors issued a statement. It
said that following recent Government statements, an application was
being prepared for submission to the European Commission of Human
Rights.
Scientology company issues libel writs
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: Scottish Daily Express (UK)
Main source: link (24 KiB)
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: Scottish Daily Express (UK)
Main source: link (24 KiB)
THE Church of Scientology has issued High Court writs for libel against the publishers of four British newspapers.
And
it announced yesterday, through London solicitors its intention to lay
complaints against the British Government before the European Commission
of Human Rights.
Suing as a company with registered
offices in Fitzroy Street, London, the Church is claiming damages for
alleged libel in the Sunday Express, News of the World, and Sunday
Mirror last Sunday, and in the Daily Express last Friday.
In
the writs against the Daily Express and the Sunday Mirror, Mrs. Jane
Kember, an official of the Church, is a second plaintiff.
Each writ also asks for an injunction restraining the defendants from publishing "the same or any similar libel."
Scientologists issue writs for libel
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: The Times (UK)
Main source: link (56 KiB)
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: The Times (UK)
Main source: link (56 KiB)
The Church of of California has issued writs claiming damages
for libel against four newspapers. The writs also seek injunctions
restraining publication of the "said or any similar libels".
The newspapers concerned are the News of the World, the Sunday Express, the Sunday Mirror, and the Daily Express.
The
church, stated in the writs to be a non-profit-making corporation
incorporated under the laws of California and with a registered office
at Fitzroy Street, W., is suing the publishers — the News of the World
Ltd., Beaverbrook Newspapers Ltd., and Daily Mirror Newspapers Ltd.
Coplaintiff
in two of the actions is Mrs. Jane Kember, an official of the church,
of Challow, Courtlands, Sharpthorne, near East Grinstead, Sussex. The
writs allege libel in articles in the News of the World, Sunday Express
and Sunday Mirror last Sunday and in the Daily Express on July 26.
After
a hearing before Mr. Justice Fisher, the vacation judge, in the High
Court yesterday, solicitors for the Church of Scientology issued a
statement which said: "The Church of Scientology has been advised that
injunctions in libel actions to restrain further publication of any
similar libel are rarely granted in the English courts. Notwithstanding
this, the church intend to pursue every appropriate remedy".
The
statement continued: "Following recent Government statements as to its
present and future intentions, an application is being prepared on
behalf of the church for submission to the European Commission of Human
Rights, and such application will be lodged forthwith.
"Individual
applications to the European Commission of Human Rights in respect of
individual members of the church will be prepared and lodged if such
action becomes necessary in the light of Government action."
Later,
solicitors acting for the church stated that at yesterday's hearing the
judge gave leave for short notice of motion for injunctions to be
served. The further hearing will be next Tuesday, when the defendants
will have the opportunity of being represented.
Our Legal Correspondent writes: —
A
defendant to a writ for libel may continue to publish matter concerning
the plaintiff while the action is pending unless and until an
injunction is granted to prevent him from so doing.
An
interlocutory injunction is not generally granted unless there is strong
evidence that the statement complained of is untrue and that immediate
injury will result to the plaintiff if the publication is allowed to
continue.
Sanitary inspectors to investigate Scientology premises
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: The Scotsman (UK)
Main source: link (56 KiB)
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: The Scotsman (UK)
Main source: link (56 KiB)
Sanitary inspectors are to carry out an investigation into
the conditions in which, it is alleged, members of the Scientology cult
are living in their office headquarters — a converted warehouse — in the
centre of Edinburgh.
Councillor Rupert Speyer has asked
the city's sanitary department to find out if members of the Scientology
staff who study a religious philosophy, are sleeping in their offices
at North-east Thistle Street Lane.
He also wants to know
how many toilets there are for the 100-strong staff and if planning
permission has been given for the warehouse to be used as office
accommodation.
Mr Speyer said yesterday: "I expect a
report from the chief sanitory inspector within the next few days. I
understand that members of the staff are charged £2 10s a week for
living in the offices although there are, I believe, no beds or
bathrooms."
"CAN'T SLEEP"
A neighbour of the
Scientologists, Mrs Isobel Graham, 17 Thistle Street, Edinburgh, will be
visiting the public health authorities today.
"Since the Scientologists moved in as our neighbours some months ago, I have hardly had a wink of sleep," said Mrs Graham.
"The
building is as silent as the grave during the day, but there is a lot
of activity at night. My husband and I have complained to the police
about the noise but now I am going to the health authorities to find out
what can be done. I can hardly concentrate on my work during the day
because I am so tired after being disturbed at night."
Life in the cult -- by Kathleen and Iain [part of the article missing]
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: Daily Record (Scotland, UK)
Authors: Ian Metcalfe, Allan Gulland
Main source: link (151 KiB)
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: Daily Record (Scotland, UK)
Authors: Ian Metcalfe, Allan Gulland
Main source: link (151 KiB)
A BOY and a girl told last night of what happened to them in
while they worked at the Scottish headquarters of the Scientologists.
THE GIRL, Kathleen Riley, said it was a bit frightening at first when she was given a kind of lie-detector test.
THE BOY, lain Thomson, 20, claimed he was told to work for more than 15 hours — then sleep on a wooden floor.
Kathleen,
of 31 Niddrie Marischal Place, Edinburgh, said she was linked to an E
meter — a "kind of lie detector" — as questions were fired at her by the
staff at the [organisation on] Thistle Street.
She was
asked questions like: "Do birds fly," "Have you embezzled money in any
previous office?", "Are you afraid of the police?", "Are you running
away from the police for any reason?"
"I was a bit nervous while this was going on. But there were no after-effects."
Screened
The
test was given to Kathleen two days after she answered an advert for a
job as a filing clerkess in the Scientology organisation.
Her answers to the E meter were recorded on cards which were screened from her and she was never told what was recorded on them
After Kathleen had undergone her initial test she was graded in a state of "NON-EXISTENCE" and later re-graded as NORMAL.
Wrong
"They
had all sorts of gradings for people who worked with them. They had
gradings such as DANGER, EMERGENCY, NORMAL LIABILITY, TREASON and
DOUBT."
"There were different kinds of punishment ranging
from not being allowed to have a lunch break, not being allowed to
wash, shave, have a bath or having to wear old clothes.
"I saw men there who had obviously not shaved for days."
After five weeks working for the scientologists Kathleen was [rest of the article missing]
[Picture / Caption: KATHLEEN RILEY . . . her answers in the E meter test were recorded.]
[Picture / Caption: IAIN THOMSON . . . he claimed he was told to sleep on a wooden floor.]
[Picture / Caption: HUBBARD . . . somewhere at sea.]
I'm not your leader // Hubbard tells scientologists
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: Daily Record (Scotland, UK)
Main source: link (151 KiB)
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: Daily Record (Scotland, UK)
Main source: link (151 KiB)
The founder of Scientology, Lafayette Ron Hubbard, announced yesterday that he is no longer leader of the movement.
The 57-year-old American said this in a cable to the cult's headquarters in East Grinstead, Sussex.
He sent it from his 3300 ton yacht Royal Scotman which "is somewhere at sea."
The message stated that Hubbard had not been the leader since he "retired from Scientology directorships" two years ago.
Earlier this week staff at the Scottish H.Q. in Edinburgh seemed to think he was still their leader.
They
agreed, at the Daily Record's request, to send a message to him asking
for a 'reply to the Commons statement by Health Minister Kenneth
Robinson, that Scientology was "objectionable."
Decent
Hubbard's answer expounded his views on Scientology, but did not answer the allegations.
At East Grinstead yesterday Mrs. David Gaiman, wife of the cult's chief spokesman, said that the message read:
"I
retired from Scientology directorships over two years ago and have been
exploring since. I gave Scientology to the world with hopes of good
usage.
"If it is a decent world, it will use it well. If
it is a bad world, it won't. I finished my work. Now it is up to others.
Love, Ron."
Meanwhile Mr. David Gaiman, the cult's chief
spokesman, said they were to issue 14 writs alleging libel on parties
who had reported their activities "unfairly and grossly inaccurately."
Father 'alarmed' at rise of the mind cult
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: Scottish Daily Mail (UK)
Author: Nigel Benson
Main source: link (47 KiB)
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: Scottish Daily Mail (UK)
Author: Nigel Benson
Main source: link (47 KiB)
A FATHER said yesterday he was 'alarmed' at the rise of
Scientology. Mr Thomas Riley, 45, spoke after his daughter Kathleen, 15,
was sacked from a job in the publications organisation of the cult in
Edinburgh.
Kathleen, of Niddrie Marischal Place,
Edinburgh, worked for five weeks in the cult's offices which send out
pamphlets and leaflets.
Last night she told of tests she had been given on an 'E' meter. 'They asked all sorts of questions — they were really odd.
'I was asked if birds flew and if I had been in trouble with the police.
'Finally, after one session, I was told that I was 'clean." '
She
said that after a row with staff at the publications department in
North-East Thistle Street Lane, Edinburgh, she was asked to leave.
Mr
Riley said: 'She tells me that at times staff were expected to work
late, and even sleep on the premises. I told her that she was not going
to work late and this caused the row.'
He added: 'I am very alarmed at this going on in Edinburgh, especially where teenagers are involved.'
Mr
Lafayette Ron Hubbard, 57, the American inventor of Scientology, has
sent a message to his followers at the cult's headquarters in East
Grinstead, Sussex.
It said: 'I finished my work. Now it is up to others.'
[Picture / Caption: KATHLEEN RILEY // Odd questions]
Cult jobs: Ban imposed by Ministry
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: Evening News (Edinburgh)
Authors: Logan Robertson, Nigel Hawkins
Main source: link (93 KiB)
Date: Friday, 2 August 1968
Publisher: Evening News (Edinburgh)
Authors: Logan Robertson, Nigel Hawkins
Main source: link (93 KiB)
The Ministry for Employment and Productivity have stopped
sending people for vacancies at the Edinburgh offices of Publications
Organisation. The ban was applied after it was found there was a link
between Publications Organisation and Scientology.
A spokesman for the Ministry said in Edinburgh today that they had referred the whole matter to their headquarters in London.
He
said : "We have sent several women, and one or two men, to vacancies
notified to us by Publications Organisation. We did not know they were
linked with the Scientology Organisation.
"We also placed a
woman student with them and she later called at our Rose Street
Exchange and made a complaint about conditions at Publications
Organisation.
BROCHURES
"Publication Organisation
first intimated they had vacancies about the end of June. On July 17 or
18, a worker with the organisation complained to us. He produced some
brochures, and it was discovered there was a link between Publications
Organisation and the Hubbard Scientology Organisation.
"We
suspend any further action by stopping sending people for vacancies at
Publications Organisation. We referred the matter to our London
headquarters, who will consider what further action should be taken."
M.P.'S INQUIRY
Today
an Edinburgh M.P. said he was going to investigate the activities in
the city of Scientology — a philosophy of American origin, which claims
it increases people's ability.
Mr Norman Wylie, Q.C., M.P. for Edinburgh Pentlands, said : "This is something that I am going to look into very closely."
He had spoken to one of his constituents, a member of whose family was employed by part of the Scientology organisation.
"From what I have been told, I will certainly have to look into this matter," said Mr Wylie.
"VERY ODD"
"If it is the case that they are paying young girls £9 a week to work for them, it strikes me as very odd."
Two other city M.P.s said today they would be keeping a watch on the matter.
Mr Anthony Stodart. M.P. for Edinburgh West, said "I will be keeping an interested eye on the situation."
And Mr James Hoy, M.P. for Leith, said : "I shall be watching the matter."
Mr
W. I. Wintour, Chief Sanitary Inspector for Edinburgh, said: "My senior
sanitary inspector in charge of office and shop premises is probably
going to visit the Scientology premises today."
The
Sanitary Department were approached by Councillor Rupert Speyer
following allegations by a 15-year-old girl about conditions of work at
the organisation's premises at North East Thistle Street Lane.
Yesterday
the "Evening News" published a special investigation into the case of
15-year-old Kathleen Riley, of 31 Niddrie Marischal Place, Edinburgh,
who worked for Publications Organisation for five weeks.
*
Reporters were expelled from the room and questions barred from the
floor when Scientologists held the second meeting of a South Wales tour
in Cardiff. The hotel where the meeting was held have refused further
bookings, but the group said they would open a study centre in the city.
On this day...
Check is made on cult premises
Date: Saturday, 3 August 1968
Publisher: Evening News (Edinburgh)
Authors: Logan Robertson, Nigel Hawkins
Main source: link (47 KiB)
The premises in North-East Thistle Street Lane, Edinburgh,
occupied by the Scientology administered Publications Organisation World
Wide, have been inspected by the Sanitary Department of Edinburgh
Corporation public health authority.
A spokesman for the
department said they found nothing to report, "except a few minor
infringements of the Office, Shops, and Railway Premises Act, which will
be attended to. There was no evidence of employees sleeping on the
premises."
The inspection was carried out after the
Sanitary Department had been approached by Councillor Rupert Speyer,
following allegations by a 15-year-old girl about conditions of work at
North-East Thistle Street Lane.
The "Evening News" carried
out a special investigation into the story told by the girl Kathleen
Riley, of 31 Niddrie Marischal Place, who has now been declared an
"Enemy" by the Scientology cult.
GIRL "ENEMY"
Councillor
Speyer said today that he had not been informed by the Sanitary
Department that an inspection had been carried out, but expected that
they would be communicating with him to this effect.
Kathleen,
who told the "Evening News" of her experiences while employed for five
weeks by the cult — she has now left her £9 a week job — said they had
declared her an "Enemy" of their organisation.
"I called
at the offices yesterday to settle my pay and records now that I'm in
another job and was told by friends there that the staff I had been told
to 'disconnect' from me."
They had been asked, she went on, to write out five times "I disconnect from Kathleen Riley."
Religion or business? // Practices of Scientology being investigated again
Date: Sunday, 3 August 1969
Publisher: Los Angeles Times (California)
Author: John Dart
Main source: link (531 KiB)
Date: Sunday, 3 August 1969
Publisher: Los Angeles Times (California)
Author: John Dart
Main source: link (531 KiB)
RELIGION OR BUSINESS?
Practices of Scientology Being Investigated Again
Practices of Scientology Being Investigated Again
By John Dart
Times Religion Writer
Times Religion Writer
[Picture
/ Caption: YOUNG INITIATES — The Rev. Robert Bobo talks with two
children who are taking Scientology courses. The photo on the wall is of
the founder of the worldwide group, L. Ron Hubbard.]
The mimeographed notice looked more like a secret police communique than a church message.
It
informed "those concerned" that a certain 20-year-old girl "is hereby
declared a Suppressive Person and assigned a condition of Enemy for the
following reason:
"Demanding a refund of money for services rendered."
The
menacing note signed by two "ethics officers" went on to say "she has
taken herself off the only road to Total Freedom for Mankind."
The
communication was from the Church of Scientology of California, a
growing organization being tested in the courts as to whether it is
primarily a business or a religion.
The state attorney
general's office, it has been learned, is investigating the Los
Angeles-based church, one of the three Scientology organizations guided
by writer L. Ron Hubbard from his yacht cruising the Mediterranean Sea.
Combination of Complaints
The
investigation was prompted "by a combination of complaints from members
of the public and inquiries by other law enforcement agencies,"
according to Larry Tapper of the attorney general's charitable trust
division. He did not indicate whether any charges would be made.
Arthur
Maren, a spokesman for Scientology in the Western states, said there
have been investigations many times before, "but it still surprises me
when we hear of another."
Scientologists claim they are
subjected to unwarranted persecution by the press and by government
agencies, especially the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Under
a 1963 court order, the FDA has authorized seizure of Scientology's
E-meters "anytime we can find them," according to Joshua Zatman,
assistant FDA commissioner for education and information in Washington.
Form of Lie Detector
FDA
scientists claim the E-meter — a galvanometer with two tin cans
attached — is a crude form of lie detector which measures the reactions
of skin when a person holding the tin cans is questioned.
The instrument, however, is indispensible to Scientology.
With
it, Scientology "auditors" employ a kind of psychoanalysis to bring
initiates along alleged levels of self-understanding to the state of
"clear." (In recent months, Scientologists have been speaking of
"pastoral counselors" instead of "auditors." And those undergoing the
analysis are now called "parishioners.")
The steps to
"clear" cost anywhere from $2,500 to $5,000, according to Maren. The
final steps to clear are administered by the American Saint Hill
Organization, 2723 W. Temple St.
If one wants an
"understanding of the universe," the cost of courses given by the
Advanced Organization, 916 S. Westlake Ave., can run more than $3,000.
Scientology officials stoutly maintain that anyone dissatisfied will receive prompt refunds.
On
the other hand, the 20-year-old Southern California girl who received
in her mail the notice labeling her an enemy of Scientology said in an
interview she found she could regain the $812 she spent in three months
only with persistence.
The girl, a Harbor College student
who asked that her name not be used, said she became interested in
Scientology when she read Hubbard's "Dianetics," published in 1950 and
containing many of the concepts of what was later called Scientology.
[Picture
/ Caption: USE OF E-METER — The Rev. Michael Miller demonstrates
Scientology's use of E-meter with Rev. Robert Bobo holding tin cans.
Scientologists use device as kind of lie detector in questioning
initiates about their past and other problems in what organization calls
"pastoral counseling."
Times photos by Fitzgerald Whitney]
Times photos by Fitzgerald Whitney]
Take Courses
She
began taking courses at the Church of Scientology, 2005 W. 9th St.,
last December, and later started "processing" with an auditor and the
E-meter.
"At first I thought it was great and got a lot out of it," she said. "Then a month later I began to feel it hadn't helped."
When
she wrote a letter asking for her money back, she was asked by an
ethics officer to come to the church building. Claiming it was
inconceivable that anyone would not get anything from "processing," an
ethics officer persuaded her to take a $100 review course without charge
to find out "who was suppressing her."
Same Old Things
"It seemed like we went back over the same old things," she recalled. "Then I decided the processing was utterly worthless."
Two more trips to the church headquarters and two more attempts to dissuade her, and she eventually received her refund.
The
girl, who said nearly everyone she met in Scientology was "friendly and
happy," received the suppressive person declaration in the mail several
days later.
A newsman questioned a Scientology
representative about the incident and within two weeks the
representative said the practice was canceled by world headquarters.
"The
practice had been under review but the change probably gained velocity
because of the inquiry about the case," said the spokesman.
Return to Fold
At
one time, Scientologists designated many persons as suppressive, partly
as a technique to bring disenchanted Scientologists back into the fold.
One official said 60 to 63% would return.
Cognizant that
the terminology and styles of operation have presented a militaristic
aura to outsiders, Scientology leaders have instituted reforms over the
last 12 months. Discarded have been such things as the practice of
"disconnection" — which was to urge a new Scientologist to sever
relationships with any objecting family members.
For a
while, Advanced Organization members wore white uniforms with white
helmets and boots but a spokesman said the garb was abandoned a few
months ago. However, a newsman reported talking to several uniformed
members recently.
Scientology still has its own "navy,"
though. Uniformed members of the Organization of the Seaman
Scientology's six yachts, two of which are sometimes docked at Southern
California marinas. They also serve as "ethics" supervisors for some
advanced courses.
Stung by a Life magazine article last
fall and a later Today's Health article (which described Scientology as a
serious threat to health and a cult couched in pseudoscientific terms
and rites), the organization's leaders found that their growth rate was
not significantly deterred.
"We figure if we could
survive the Life article, we could survive anything," said a spokesman
who claimed the expose was a "smear."
Scientology has its
world headquarters in Sussex, Eng., a dozen churches in U.S. and
Canadian cities as well as centers in other English-speaking countries.
Staff Expansion
Although
expansion of the Scientology staffs and adherents — especially in Los
Angeles — is evident, detailed membership figures are difficult to
obtain.
Gordon Mustain, public relations chief for the
Western United States, said the U.S. membership is 5 million. Earlier
this year other spokesmen had estimated the U.S. membership at 3.5 to 4
million and that Southern California had about 20,000 Scientologists —
although the fact that Southern California has one of the largest
followings makes the figures appear paradoxical.
A
consistently agreed upon number is the 2,000 persons worldwide who have
been designated "clear" and constitute the hard-core membership.
For what it may lack in numbers, it makes up in income and zeal.
South
African John McMasters, the first person to be declared "clear" and a
personal representative of L. Ron Hubbard, said money received by the
world headquarters rose from an average $10,000 weekly in January, 1968
to $140,000 weekly six months later. McMasters said he did not have
any more recent figures on income.
$140 E-Meters
Scientology publications are filled with order forms for books, courses and the $140 E-meters.
Hundreds
of Scientologists have purchased E-meters and other materials to
operate their own low-level "franchises," now called "missions." The
"mother church" in England derives certain "tithes" from the missions,
according to Mrs. Tanni Oman, another public relations representative.
The
zeal shows up in their enthusiastic telephone mail followups with
anyone who has ever bought a book or attended a Scientology lecture.
Some
persons claim they cannot get off the Scientology mailing list once
they are put on, but the organization's officials claim people are put
off the list if they request.
In a counteroffensive
against the "establishment," Scientologists are waging a "human rights"
crusade in their publications and news releases against national mental
health organizations and psychiatry in general, claiming there are
widespread abuses with electrical shock treatment, hypnosis, lobotomy
and other practices.
Australia Protest
More than
500 Scientologists appeared Monday at the Australian Trade Commission
offices in Los Angeles, protesting what they called antireligion laws in
three Australian states. An Australian consulate official in San
Francisco said the three states had banned Scientology in recent years
because of the organization's practices. The laws do not apply to other
churches, the spokesman said.
Great Britain has
prohibited foreign Scientologists from entering the country since July
1968 when the organization came under press scrutiny and a warning by
then-Minister of Health Kenneth Robinson, who said the practices
constituted a danger to mental health.
Scientologists
claim that Robinson was later discharged for his views but a British
consulate official said Robinson was not. Robinson was appointed
minister of planning and land when the health ministry was merged with
the department of social security.
Scientology still has
its own problems in the United States because of the public scrutiny of
its practices and of its claim to be a church organization.
Tax Status Revoked
The
Internal Revenue Service revoked the Church of Scientology's tax-exempt
status July 18, 1967, according to Jerome Hollander, an IRS spokesman
in Los Angeles.
The revocation was based on an IRS claim
that Ron Hubbard's founding church in Washington, D.C., was not a
church, but a profit-making, commercial enterprise.
In a
U.S. Court of Claims decision July 16 in Washington, the court avoided
ruling on the IRS' contention that the Church of Scientology is a
commercial enterprise but supported the IRS' claim that a portion of
the church's net earnings went to private individuals and therefore was
not eligible to be tax exempt.
Court of Claims Judge
Linton M. Collins wrote in the decision: "What emerges from these facts
is the inference that the Hubbard family was entitled to make ready,
personal use of the corporate earnings."
Legal Front
On
another legal front, the FDA claimed in 1963 that Scientology had made
misleading statements about the E-meter's healing powers and a federal
jury agreed.
However, Judge J. Skelly Wright of the U.S.
Court of Appeals said last February that unless the FDA can show
Scientology is not a religion, the organization would be protected by
law.
The Church of Scientology has its clergy — complete
with black suits and collar — to perform church services, weddings and
funerals.
The handbook for church ceremonies instructs
that prayers are not to be used, sermons should be always on some phase
of Scientology and services should be conducted with dignity, but not
solemnity.
Also, The minister should dress in a way that does not upset the accepted stable data of what a minister looks like."
Church Functions
After
conducting a wedding ceremony (in which God was not mentioned) at a
Scientology conference in the Hollywood Palladium, McMasters commented,
"There is not much here that indicates it's religious — but by whose
standards?"
McMasters hinted that the church functions in
Scientology are secondary. But he maintained: "The way we can most
honestly describe ourselves to mankind is as a religious group, because
our purpose is to bring spiritual freedom to oneself and to the rest of
mankind."
Testimonials by persons undergoing Scientology
processing, however, invariably describe increased ability to cope with
their personal and professional lives—rather than spiritual
understanding or fulfillment.
Actress Carolyn Judd,
daughter of former Congressman Walter Judd, interviewed after a few
months of experience with Scientology said she could handle roles she
couldn't before and was suddenly able to read music.
"What
Scientology does is put you in an environment where you understand that
you're doing that's limiting your own ability. It hands you a tool —
not a belief. It's a technology."
Miss Judd, 26, who
played the blind girl in "Wait Until Dark" on Broadway and on the road,
was given Scientology processing free, but she added, "It would cost
incredibly less than what I paid in psychoanalysis for two years."
Scientologists
have increased their attempt to appeal to persons in the entertainment
field. A new location for Scientology's three-month-old Celebrity Centre
was dedicated July 15 at the corner of Burlington Ave. and 8th St.
Music, films and Scientology lectures are scheduled seven nights a week,
sometimes with special invitations to the cast of a play showing in
Los Angeles.
Interest in Occult
Those attracted
to Scientology often have an interest in the occult — "the powers of
your mind" religions — says Dr. Sidney Walter, a Hollywood psychologist.
"What Scientology is basically saying is, 'If you could clear your mind of problems, you'd be happy,'" said Dr. Walter.
"Scientology
provides exercises to condition your mind to eavesdrop on the past," he
said. "That part is not really bad. Anytime you can teach a person to
be less inhibited, it helps."
The danger, he said, comes
when a mentally disturbed person believes the 100% guaranteed results
claimed by Scientology and finds he cannot achieve what he thinks he
should. Dr. Walter said he had a patient three years ago who attempted
suicide after believing that he failed in Scientology where others could
succeed.
If Scientology appears to have a mystical, almost science-fiction sound to it, it shouldn't be too surprising.
The
dianetics-scientology concepts of the Nebraska-born Hubbard first found
themselves in print in the May, 1950, issue of Astounding Science
Fiction.
Beyond his basic tenet that a person has an
analytic mind and a reactive mind, the latter being the root of one's
irrational behavior, the 58-year-old leader has developed a jargon
peculiar to Scientology with terms such as "engram," "ARC break" and
"Operating Thetan."
The advanced, or Operating Thetan, courses are divided into eight steps with prices listed for each level.
OT3,
for instance, is described in a handbook as "the band or wall of fire
that L. Ron Hubbard single-handedly confronted and found a completely
safe way through for you."
Hubbard Quote
On OT3,
Hubbard is quoted: "It is very true that a great catastrophe occurred on
this planet and in the other 75 planets which form this confederacy 75
million years ago. It has since that time been a desert."
Explains
the handbook: "OT3 is the full revelation of what happened and its
resolution. At the level of OT3 the barriers that obscure the ultimate
truth of the universe are blown."
While pushing aside barriers to "the ultimate truth of the universe" might seem about as far as one could go, there's more.
OT4
provides the "final polish" and OT5 enables one to look "at the fabric
of the mest (matter, energy, space and time) universe and understand its
simplicity." At OT6, there's a return to "basic drills."
More
than 200 persons, including actor Stephen Boyd, have reached OT6 — the
highest level obtainable so far. Ron, as members affectionately refer to
him is still doing research on the last two levels.
"Ron
is his own guinea pig," said McMasters. "As soon as he is quite sure
about it, he'll put it out for the rest of us," he added confidently.
"He's
a tremendous man. He's not interested in being the glorious Ron
Hubbard. He's interested in freeing people," said McMasters.
A Los Angeles public relations man who spent $1,300 in eight months of processing before dropping out said:
"You
keep paying money to get deeper and deeper to the place where you hope
to get something more out of it than you have, and you keep going." Any
grievances about the system, he claimed, "are merely acknowledged and
put down as a problem in your case."
The best description
of the frustration that some initiates have, according to the public
relations man, was from another ex-Scientologist:
"It's
as if Ron Hubbard was digging a tunnel deeper and deeper into a mountain
and everybody following the light was going farther and farther from
the outside."
Press watchdog backs Observer // Sex pervert was a cult teacher
Date: Wednesday, 3 August 1994
Publisher: East Grinstead Observer
Main source: link (55 KiB)
BRITAIN'S newspaper industry watchdog, The Press Complaints
Commission has dismissed a complaint by the Scientology movement against
the East Grinstead Observer.
The cult tried to stop us
telling our huge following of readers that an evil sex pervert who
preyed on schoolboys at the cult-backed Greenfields school was a
Scientology teacher.
The cult accused us of inaccurate and
misleading reporting following a court case earlier this year, when
cultist Mark Kent was jailed for five years for serious sex offences.
The Saint Hill-based cult attempted to stop us from disclosing that Kent
was linked to their organisation.
The Scientologists
complained to the Commission that the Observer's coverage had breached
the newspaper Industry's strict Code of Practice.
But the Press Complaints Commission found no substance in those claims whatsoever.
On
hearing of the Commission's ruling Observer Editor Ron Parsons said:
"We have been totally vindicated, and I never had any reason to think
otherwise. As I have said before this newspaper has always printed the
truth and will continue to do so. The public has a right to know the
truth".
ADJUDICATION
MS
SHEILA CHALEFF, Public Affairs Director of the Church of Scientology,
Saint Hill Manor, East Grinstead, West Sussex, complains to the Press
Complaints Commission that a headline "Evil sex pervert sent to prison — Scientology teacher molested schoolboys"
which appeared in the East Grinstead Observer on January 26, 1994,
inacurrately referred to the defendant as a "Scientology teacher" in
breach of Clause One of the Code of Practice.
The school
where the convicted man taught is managed by Scientologists. In these
circumstances the description "Scientology teacher" in the headline is
not unreasonable, and in the view of the Commission would not mislead
readers.
The complaint is rejected.
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